Friday, August 11, 2017

Lima - Round Tres

Brody and I spent a few days doing nothing in Lima. It was a good send off to the first part of the trip ... however now Christina finally arrived! Her Spanish is as fantastic and magical as mine - we sound like marbles and marshmallows are in our mouths. 

Of course we first got lost but then we found our way to the Covent de San Francisco. We randomly found the Plaza San Martin and a Starbucks. 

On day one we saw nine different things and sites in one day, which is what Brody and I did in three days. Different types of travellers. First we saw the Inglesia y Convento de San Francisco. The church and convent are part of the Historic Centre of Lima, which was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1991. The church and monastery were blessed in 1673 and completed in 1774. Though it survived several earthquakes intact in 1687 and 1746, it suffered extensive damage in an earthquake in 1970. The church is noted for its architecture , a high example of Spanish Barque. Aside from a church and monastery it also contains a library and catacombs. In this church, Jude the Apostle, is venerated. At the feast of Saint Jude Tadeus a one and a half ton weighing silver stand is carried round in procession by 40 people, starting from the convent. The most exciting thing was the multiple catacombs that exist under the building. Archeologists have sorted the bones by type. Discovered in 1943, they contain thousand of skulls and bones, having served as a burial-place until 1808, when the city cemetery was opened outside Lima. It is estimated that 25,000 bodies were laid to rest there; the crypts, built of bricks and mortar, are very solid and have stood up well to earthquakes, it is also believe there existed secret passageways that connected to the Cathedral and the Tribunal of the Holy Inquisition.

We then watched the changing of the guards at the Palacio Gobernio. It was ornate. They did a ton of high kicks to military like music. We then we walked through the Casa de la literatura peruana, which was the original train station for Lima. It now serves as a museum of literature but it's all in Spanish so I dint retain any of it. 

After a quick bite, we walked through the Archbishop's Palace which is located on the Plaza del Armas. Located on the land that Francisco Pizzaro allocated to be the residence of the head priest of Lima after the foundation of the city in 1535, the current building was opened on December 8, 1924 and is considered a prime example of neo-colonial architectural that developed in Lima during the early twentieth century. The palace was built using only the finest materials shipped in from the old world, like cedar wood and mahogany, tiles from Seville, bronze and marble. In 1924 the Archbishops Palace was completely reconstructed and renovated. Since 2009 the palace is open to the public. It was a good example of how the church people lived like royalty. It contained tons of old paintings depicting Christian scenes. 

We then went through the Cathedral de Lima. It is the city’s historic center is the Lima’s most iconic building and home to the best museum of religious art. It is also known for being home to the tomb of Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro. The main church of Peru dates back to 1535, when Francisco Pizarro first laid the foundation for the church which would serve the new Spanish colonists. The temple was inaugurated in 1540 and elevated to the status of cathedral in 1541 when the Lima diocese was formed. The first archbishop of Lima expanded the original temple in 1551, but it did not get a carved-stone façade until 1649. It was consecrated as a basilica in 1625. The 1746 earthquake destroyed the church, requiring a rebuilding effort from scratch which was not completed until 1778. It contains 14 different chapels inside the monetary. The first one immediately after the main entrance, which you do not have to pay the museum admission fee to visit, contains the tomb of Pizzaro. More importantly it also contains tons of catacombs and creepy bones. I'm way more interested in the bones than I am the religious paintings or history. 

In true Christina and Brittany travel fashion, the main square was shut down by special forces and everyone was evacuated from the main square due to violent tiles. All is good though. We got out in time. 

Our evening was spent visiting the Larco Musuem. It's a privately owned museum with some cool pre-Columbian artifacts. The only thing interesting to report is the size of the nose rings and the massive amount of penis and erotic pots. It contras a fantastic exhibit of pornographic art. Also it allows people to visit the storage of all the items not on display. 

For dinner we headed to Largomar - a mall built into the sea wall. We ate at Mangos which was delicious as a final meal before we start our tour tomorrow.  I'm sure we will do more before we pick up the tour tomorrow night. 


AFN 

Tuesday, August 08, 2017

Paracas - Penguins and Flamingos

Today Brody and I drove to Paracas to see the natural reserve and go on a boat tour to the Ballestas Islands. The Ballestas Islands is a vibrant and colourful wildlife sanctuary that is filled with wild birds and sea lions. It's a set of Islands with thousands of birds on them and a whole lot of guano  (bird poo). We saw a dozen Humbolt penguins, hundreds of pelicans and hundreds of Peruvian boobies hehe. Also on the tour we saw a mysterious geoglyph similar to the Nazca lines, that was carved into the face of a cliff. It was a cold morning on the boat. It was interesting but not the most exciting thing we've ever seen on this trip.

Brody then had arranged a private tour of the Paracas National Reserve. I've never been so bored in my life. We spent three hours in a car being toured to see different beaches. I get that it might be massive and needs the tourism dollars but man was it not worth the time. We did see flamingos from afar and some neat views. I'm sure the locals appreciated the business but I would not recommend going if you have a choice.

I'm looking forward to picking up the pace here soon on my tour.

AFN

G Adventures Tour - Just in Case

Hey all, 

Not sure if I will be blogging daily like I have in past trips because of the spotty internet and sheer amount of exercise we will be doing. So I figured I would pre-draft the G Adventures Trip with Christina. I will meet Christina in Lima on August 9 and start our tour on August 12, ending on August 25.

If anyone wants to challenge me in a step race, this is the two weeks I am guaranteed to win. 

Map of the route for Peru Multisport
Our tour in a nutshell 
Lima - Day 1 (also known as August 12) 
Free day!

Cusco - Days 2-3
We will fly from Lima to Cusco at 4:30 am ... wonderful. We have an entire day free here to do whatever we want (let's see what type of trouble we can get into!). I'm sure it will involve white water rafting and/or some day hike.

Ollantaytambo - Days 3-5
Day 3 is the start of a two day biking excursion through the Sacred Valley, in the Maras, Moray and Pisac areas using Ollantaytambo as a vase. From our starting point at 3,700 m or 12,139 feet above sea level, we descend on our bikes into the Sacred Valley, eventually arriving at Taray (2,800 m or 9,186 feet above sea level). At some point we will tour the hilltop citadel of Pisac, an Incan ruin with plunging gorges, a ceremonial center, and a winding agricultural terracing that's still in use today. 

Day 4 is the second day of biking in the Sacred Valley. We will explore the town of Maras, the archaeological site of Moray before heading down to the Salt Mines of Las Salineras, ending in Urubamba. Today's journey takes us past Huaypo Lake and town of Maras. 

Image result for ollantaytambo biking
This is one of the views we are expecting on our biking trip
Day 5 is a free day here I'm sure we will go visit ruins and site see generally. 

Lares Trek - Days 6-8
Day 6 - We will start early and drive (3 hrs) to Lares town where the hike will start with a leisurely pace through the valley of Cuncani. We will hike 4 km to Chancachaca then stop for lunch - the altitude here is around 3480m (11,417 feet). We will then continue trekking along rocky mountain paths 4.7 km to the isolated village of Cuncani. Camp here for the night at 3872 m (12,703 feet) at the G Adventures-supported community run campsite.

Day 7 – Yet another early start where we will hike from the foothills of Sicllaccasa Mountain 12.2 km to its high pass at 4750 m (15,583 feet), providing scenic views of lagoons and the snow-capped Chicon Mountain. Obviously a celebration is required after reaching the highest point by making an offering of coca leaves to the Andean gods. After this we will hike downhill another 2.2 km to QuencaPata, for lunch and to take in the amazing view. After lunch we will continue hiking downhill another 2.6 km to our second campsite near a stream. The sleep tonight will be at about 4,114 m (13,497 feet) elevation.

Day 8 – We will follow the trail to see typical Andean flora and fauna, llamas and alpacas on this day. We will descend through the valley of Pumahuanca and meet friendly local Quechua people and explore some Inca storehouses along the way. The final trek is about 3-4 hours to reach the town of Pumahuanca where we will enjoy lunch then hop a van to Ollantaytambo then continue by train to Aguas Calientes.

Image result for lares trek g adventures
Our Lares Trek Route
Machu Picchu – Day 9
Of course it's yet another early morning where we will catch a bus to Machu Picchu before sunrise. We get to gain local insight into the Inti Mach’ay cave, Inti Watana, the Temple of the Sun, the Temple of the Water, the Temple of the Condor, and the Room of the Three Windows.

Image result for machu picchu
Small preview of my day's views
With any leftover energy from the Machu Picchu, we will hike to visit the Inca Bridge site nearby (thought by some to be a secret back entrance to Machu Picchu). We will trek up to the bridge that's cleaving to a 579 m (1,900 feet) cliff, and soak in amazing views of cloud forest along the way.

Cusco – Day 10
Free day!

Puno – Day 11
We will spend the day on a bus for approximately 8 hours or so.

Lago Titicaca – Days 12-13
Because mountain biking and hiking wasn't enough adventure, we will be going on a 2 day kayaking excursion on Lake Titicaca, visiting Uros, Taquille, and Amantani islands including a homestay in a small village.

Image result for lake titicaca
So stoke for straw cabins to sleep in ... not  

Lima – Day 14 (also known as August 25) 

It is a bus, plane and train type of day to get back to where we started in Lima. 

AFN

Saturday, August 05, 2017

Huacachina - Desert Oasis

Day 1: Travel

We started our first day off right ... with proper Peruvian coffee. Oh and breakfast but that's not as important. Coffee > food. Our private driver picked us up from the hotel and we drove into the middle of Lima (I think) to go into the highway to Ica. Also every driver has put on like 60s soft rock in English for the ride. I've heard more Frank Sinatra and Pump Up the Jam in Peru than I have in the rest of my life. After about two hours of awesome hits of the past, we asked for his choice in music and then it turned into pretty neat Spanish techno. Much better. 

It's interesting to see along the highway that they've built houses right into sand which seems so dangerous and unstable. It's sand dunes on the non-water side and marshes/slums right on the water. I sometimes can't tell if it's a shanty town or just houses with rehbarb sticking out of the top for a reason. It also goes from pure sand to arid land lush with vegetation in a blink of an eye multiple times. Closer to Ica, it's like pure white sand dunes. 

Kallipa - massive factory. 

There's four types of cars here - gasoline premium, gasoline regular, diesel, and natural gas running cars. Premium Gasoline is 16 soles per gallon. Regular is 12 soles per gallon. Natural gas is 1.48 soles per litre. Diesel is 10 soles per gallon. Some of the taxis in Lima run on both gasoline and natural gas so they have a propane tank in the trunk. 

Day 2: sand boarding and my 26th birthday 

Today was super cool not going to lie. We went sand boarding through the dunes and dune bugging. These drivers can just rip around these sand dunes. They've shift from two to four wheel drive on the fly while shifting gears. It's a riot and way easier to sand board than snow board. I'm glad we rented snow boards. I'm a much better sand boarder than snow boarder surprisingly. 

Oh I also turned 26 today. 

Day 3: Nasca Lines 

The lines are spread over 500 sq km of arid rock strewn plains. They comprise of over 800 straight lines, 300 geographic figures and 70 animal and plant drawings. The lines were made by the simple process of removing the dark sun baked stones and piling them up on either side of the lines. They were thought to have been made in 900BC (holy man!). Some thought these were for astronomical or calendar purposes but more recently people have thought they were as a sign of worship, only to be seen by the gods. 

This morning we learned that it is pronounced Wacka-china not how it looks phonetically.  On our drive to the flight, special forces were in Huacachina which made me a little uneasy. This oasis only has 75 permanent residents and maybe 15 accommodation places. It's not a big area. Our driver today played my favorite game in a car - frogger between lanes. 

They aren't kidding when they say to take gravol before this flight. It does sharp turns around all of the sites. Not sure this was worth it. They aren't as impressive as they seem online and in the books. Also, they put a highway in the middle of one of the ruins. Not cool. 

The mountains around here are rock covered in sand. I'm shocked the sand doesn't blow away to be honest. It's such fine sand that the wind should pick it up. It goes from flat to super mountainous real quick. 

AFN

Wednesday, August 02, 2017

Lima - Our Home Base

Have you ever gone to an airport, got your boarding pass, and gone through security with 3L of liquids? Brody and I have. We legit went through security with five mini bottles of pisco. We also could not find our flight on the departures board either. It's a great airport. Little chaotic; a little make your own adventure. I then proceeded to drop the bottles when we got to Lima. Shoot. 


We made it to Lima and were supposed to be staying in a hostel in Miraflores. After six stairs of stairs and a random driving us away from the front door, Brody had had enough of travel and decided to put his foot down. So now we are staying at the Sol de Oro for the night. It's a gorgeous place with a pool, spa and workout room. I would suggest that Brody is more of a hotel traveller than a hostel traveller, which is fine. I sometimes forget that he hasn't been outside of North America and the U.K. I'm grateful he came though. It's been a great trip to bond. I forget how funny he is sometimes. 

Tomorrow we head to Hucacahina. 

AFN

Tuesday, August 01, 2017

Cusco - Where I Learned the Difference in Pronouncing Coca and Cacao

Today was a simple day. Brody needed a day to basically do nothing and chill. So the only thing we did today was go to the Cacao Museum and make chocolate bars from scratch. It's a really interesting process. Cacao grows from the 20th parallel above and below the equator. There are three main types of Cacao plant, each with its own types of properties. Did you know if you put a Cacao plant netherfr plants it will take on the taste naturally? Once the plant is harvested, it is fermented in wooden boxes between banana leaves to reach 55'C. The white stuff around the beans turns into alcohol and then sugar. After the beans have been fermented, they are laid out in the shade to dry to reach 6-7% moisture. The Cacao beans are then shipped to be made into chocolate. This is primarily in Europe. The Cacao beans are then roasted and deshelled. The shells can be used for Cacao tea, which is quite tasty. The beans are then crushed with sugar and milk depending on what type of chocolate. White chocolate actually has no Cacao in it but has the Cacao butter. 

We had dinner at the same place - Mamaji. I highly recommend it. Brody had cuy (guinea pig) for dinner. His face was priceless.  He says it's like eating dog shit. 

AFN  

Monday, July 31, 2017

Cusco - Alpaca Meat

Today was just a day of purposeful wandering. Brody and I started the day with a glorious sleep in until 11 AM. After getting organized for the day, we headed towards the main square. 

We stopped at the Qorikancha, which forms the base of the colonial church and convent of Santo Domingo. It was once the richest temple in the Inca Empire; all that remains is stonework and beautiful art. In Inca time, this was literally covered in gold. The temple walls were lined with some 700 solid gold sheets, each weighing about 2kg. There were solid gold replicas of corn, llamas, babies, and the sun for ceremonial and ritual purposes. But within months of the arrival of the conquistadors, this was all gone. Various other religious rites took place here - it is said that mummified bodies of previous incas were kept here, brought out into sunlight each day and offered food and drink., which was then ritually burnt. Once inside the temple, you enter a courtyard which is beautiful in its own right. Everything is architecturally impeccable. Brody and I didn't understand what the rooms each meant since we chose not to hire a guide. 

We then ventured through the Inglesa de Santo Domingo, which was super unimpressive other than for the first paintings of Peruvian looking people. It's interesting that all of the Inca and Conquistador history is depicted in white people. Apparently this church is known for its paintings of archangels depicted as Andean children in jeans and tee shirts. Honestly, they look new and fake. Most of the time when I'm looking at these depictions of religious deities, I see great Irish dancing dress designs. Also in this church were two monuments with relics of different saints - really they looked like either a finger tip or a small bone. Either way, creepy. 

Somehow we ended up in the Covenant de Santo Domingo as well. It was this small offshoot that had several paintings in it that had been obviously retouched poorly. It's a shame people thing old paintings need to be updated to their view of what they think it should look like. The only neat fact I have is that one of the paintings was from 1501. 

Brody and I eventually made it to the main square where there were massive riots going on. I think it was the teachers union that caused the Peruvian government to put this area into a state of emergency on June 20' 2017. So being smart travellers we went and hung out in McDonalds and had lunch to wait the protest out. There were tons of tourist, security, riot, military, national, regional and special forces police out. Yes - they truly have that many kinds of police. Either way, the protest dissipated so we went and got Starbucks. 

We then ventured to the worst museum I've ever been to - the Inka Museum. It's so not worth the 10 soles entry price. It's bare, dark and cold. It did have pottery, metal work, textiles and models but wasn't worth the hike uphill to see. 

Brody and I then headed uphill (like really uphill) to see the White Jesus. Think the one in Brazil but smaller and less impressive. It was amazing to the scope of Cusco as a city since you are legit on top of the hill. This monument is located in Sacsaywaman. It's of both military and religious significance. This Fort was the site of  one of the most bitter battles of Spanish conquest in 1536. It really only looks like rocks organized into protective walls. We did see the Inca's Throne which is a wall with carved in benches. 

Since Brody and I had a couple of hours before it got dark and we had to be back in the hostel, we saw the Museum Arzobispal and Temple San Blas. Honestly, neither were great and the uphill on cobblestone was not worth it but it was free from our pass yesterday. 

Our last stop was at the Coca Museum (not to be confused with the Cacao Museum).  It had some neat facts and different types of coca leaves displayed. 

We've also eaten twice at the Mamaji restaurant next door which is amazing. I had pesto pasta and Brody had lasagna tonight. Brody bravely tried the alpaca loin that came with my meal. Man I wish I had filmed his reaction. He nearly puked it onto the table. Alpaca meat is not good. It's chewy, salty, and is okay until it hits your throat. Either way - it's off the bucket list and will not be repeated. 


AFN  

Sunday, July 30, 2017

Cusco - Adventures of Briggani and Brori

We landed in Lima and hit the ground running. Cusco is a beautiful city and way way way way nicer than Lima. So it's true what the travel books say - the days are nice and the nights are like bloody Antarctica. 

Cusco is the cosmopolitan Inka capital. I can see why. There are beautiful ornate cathedrals. I think the entire country is super Christian or Catholic (to be fair I can't tell the difference between the two). According to legend, in the 12 century the first inca (king for us English speakers) Manco Capac was ordered by the ancestral sun god Inti to find the spot where he could plunge the golden rod into the ground until it disappeared. At this spot, deemed the navel of the earth, he founded Cusco. The Inca empire's main expansion occurred in the hundred years prior to the arrival of the conquistadors in 1532. The ninth inca, Pachacutec, gave the empire its first bloody taste of conquest with an unexpected victory against the more dominant Chanka tribe in 1438. His first wave of expansion would form the Inca Empire.  This ninth Inca is also credited with the puma shape and diverting the river around the city. Expansion continued until the Europeans arrived. At this point the empire ranged from Quito, Ecuador to south of Santiago, Chile. Pizzaro entered Cusco on November 8, 1533! It was eventually captured by the Spaniards in 1536. What is more interesting is the Spanish kept chronicles in Cusco including Inca history as they related by the Incas themselves. 

Today we wandered to the centre of the historic city - the Plaza de Armas. Everything is steep and cobblestone. In Inca time, this was called Huacaypata and was the centre of the capital. Two flags are flying in the centre - the Peruvian flag and a rainbow flag of Tahuantinsuyo representing the four corners of the Inca empire. 

In the Plaza we went into the La Cathedral. It's construction started in 1559 and Tom almost a century. It was built using blocks pilfered from the nearby Inca site of Sacsaywaman. El Trifuno, Cusco's oldest church, houses a vault containing the remains of the famous Inca chronologer and a few really old priests. There's tons of colonial art and gold throughout the church. It's amazing to see the paintings and the age of some of them. 


We also saw the Palas de Justicia and just wandered generally. The best part of the day was Starbucks where we were called Briggani and Brori, respectively. 

Tomorrow the plan is to go visit museums and site see a bit more. 

Step count: 17,461 over 69 floors and 12.05 km 

AFN 

Lima, Peru - A City of Pure Sketchiness

So after the world's longest flights, Brody and I made it to Lima. The drive to our hotel made Brody's eyes pop - it's most definitely a rough city. Every place is gated or has a foot wide fence that is 12 feet tall with barbed wire on it. The graffiti is rampant. I wouldn't suggest any girl do Lima on her own ever. I'm not even sure Brody could do it on his own either. We stayed at the Hotel Lima which was clean, secure and had hot water. All three as important as the next. 

Lima is a city of 10 million people and it shows. 

Brody and I took a cab to central historic Lima. None of the drive made me feel comfortable. Lima is super rough and sketchy. It's almost like the entire city is decrepit. After we got dropped near the Palas de Armes. We looked at all of the old buildings in that area. It's amazing to see buildings built in 1537 and before. The Palas de Armes was the heart of the 16th Century settlement established by Francisco Pizarro, it was the centre of the Spaniards continent wide empire. The buildings are stunning and contain huge sculptures and great detail. It was the second day of the Peruvian holiday - celebrating independence, so everything was packed with Peruvian tourists. None of the people I saw where white. It it weird to be in a place where no one speaks English and everyone isn't white. 

We also toured La Cathedral de Lima. This church sits on a site designated in 1535 to be the site of the city's first church. The building has been rebuilt several times - 1551, 1622, 1687, and 1726 with the last major restoration in 1940. The alters are spectacular carved wood. The alters were carved in various styles celebrating different deities. 

Since it was day two of Independence Day there were celebrations and traditional dancing in the Parque de la Muralla. During the 17 century the heart of Lima was ringed by a muralla (city wall for those of us who singularly speak English). Much of this wall was torn down in 1870s when the cit was expanding.  You can still see remnants of the wall though. We visited on the site museum which was weird and contained pottery and other random items. 

We also visited some library thing which was entirely in Spanish. 

Step counts: 10,541 over 11 floors and 7.32 km 


AFN 

Friday, July 28, 2017

On the road again!

So what does one do when they have a month off? Obviously the answer is pack a backpack and head to South America. I convinced Christina and my brother to come spend a portion of the month with me adventuring through Peru. Brody and I will be staying in Lima, Cusco, Huacachina, and Iquitos over the course of 12 days. Christina and I will be doing Lima, Cusco, Macchu Pichu via the Lares trek, Puno, and Lake Titicaca. Both trips will be completely different - Brody's portion will be unplanned and by the spur of the moment, Christina and I are doing another G Adventures tour where everything is booked and planned (thank god).

Map of the route for Peru Multisport
G Adventures - Christina and Britt's Route of Travel

Lares Trek Route

Back of the Envelope History of Peru 

As a bit of background because I'M SO BORED AT WORK... Peru is made up of three main geographical areas - the Andes, the Amazon, and the desert coastal area. I will actually hit all three parts on this trip. 

The history of Peru spans about 4 millennia - Peruvian territory was first home to the Norte Chico civilization, which is one of the six oldest in the world, and to the Inca Empire (from approximately 1438-1532). It was conquered by the Spanish Empire in the 16th Century. The Spanish Crown gave the name "Peru" legal status in 1529 Capitulacion de Toledo, which designed the newly encountered Inca Empire as a province of Peru. Under Spanish rule, the country adopted the denomination Viceroyalty of Peru, which became the Republic of Peru after independence in 1821.

The Inca Empire originated from a tribe based in Cusco. Pachacutec was not the first Inca but was the first ruler to considerably extend the boundaries of the Cusco state. Obviously he did so through violent invasions and peaceful conquests. One of the major remaining ruins from this era is Machu Picchu. Interestingly Peru is currently suing Yale to return artifacts removed by Yale archaeologist  Hiram Bingham Sr. in 1911. 

Fast forward a couple hundred years from Spanish rule, Peru has been subject to many iterations of democracy and militarism between 1930-1979 - think guerrilla warfare, Communism, military coups, and democratic elections sprinkled throughout. According to scholars and other worldly researchers, during the 1980s the cultivation of illicit coca was established in large areas on the eastern Andean slope. Given the proliferation and vast financial gain from this, rural insurgents movements increased until the 90s resulting in the "internal conflict of Peru". Only because it sounds cool - the internal conflict of Peru is an ongoing armed conflict between the Government of Peru and some guerrilla organizations such as the insurgent People's Guerrilla Army, armed wing of the Communist Party of Peru, and the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. It is estimated that 70,000 people have died due to this conflict. Today the main fighting still occurs in the VRAEM area in Peru - it is nowhere near where I am going so don't stress. Fun fact - Peru overtook Columbia as the worlds largest cocaine production country. 

The 90s was a great time (and not just because I'm a 90s baby) - Peru was ruled by a dictator named Alberto Fujimori who caused inflation to drop from 7,650% to 139%. His term was dogged by insurgent groups that carried out terrorist campaigns through his two terms. Today, democracy is live and well in Peru with the odd exception where the President declares a state of emergency and hands power over to the military over certain regions. All is good. 

Fun Facts About Peru 
  • Peru grows over 3,000 kinds of potatoes and 55 types of corn 
  • Peru dominates a lot of the world's largest or top ten global lists:
    • Peru was officially declared the world's biggest producer of cocaine by the UN 
    • Peru is the eighth largest producer of coffee in the world 
    • Peru's the largest exporter of asparagus in the world 
    • Peru is home to the world's largest flying bird - the condor stands up to 4 feet high with a wingspan of 10 feet 
    • Peru is the third largest producer of fine copper in the world 
    • Peru is ranked as fifth in global production of gold and first in silver 
    • Peru is the third largest zinc and tin producer globally 
  • Peru's cocaine industry takes in an estimated USD $1 billion annually 
  • About 65 million guinea pigs are consumed in Peru every year (or according to Google they are) 
  • National University of San Marcos is the oldest university in the Americas - founded on May 12, 1551
  • Chili sauce and hot spices were banned (and remain banned) from prison food in Peru in 1973 on the grounds that they might arose sexual desires in inmates 
  • The Incas had no formal system of writing, instead they developed a system of record keeping using a system of knots (called quipus
  • Globally there are 10 million alpacas and 75% of them live in Peru 
  • In 1885, the Coca Cola Company began making wine with coca leaves that was converted into the soft drink coca cola (coca leaves were removed from the recipe in 1903) 
  • Some of Cusco's main streets are designed to align with the stars at certain times of the year 
  • Traditionally before a Peruvian couple can marry, they must enter into a period of sirvinacuy during which the woman works with her mother in law and the man with his father in law - I think this is something that can stay in Peru
Interesting Facts About Cocaine  
  • Scotland has the highest cocaine use of any other country in the world (US consumes ~37% of world's cocaine) 
  • Pure cocaine was first extracted from the leaves of the coca plant in 1859 and was market in a fortified wine in France as early as 1863
  • Cocaine was first used in the US in the 1880s where it was applied as an anesthetic in eye, nose and throat operations 
  • Coca cola originally contained 9 mg cocaine per serving (it has been removed but coca leaves still are added for flavor) 
  • Sigmund Freud advocated cocaine for treating depression, alcoholism and morphine addiction 
  • Direct pharmacological effects of the drug itself only cause one-third of the deaths associated with cocaine (the rest come from homicide, suicide, and car collisions due to the properties of the drug) 
  • Ingesting both cocaine and alcohol cause more deaths than any other drug combination 
  • Trace amounts of cocaine can be found on 4/5 bills in circulation in the US 
AFN